![]() ![]() Additionally, due to their wide spectrum of activity and predictable and comparatively tolerable toxicity profile, these agents are popular in the outpatient setting. However, newer agents within this class (tigecycline) are seeing increasing use in the treatment of multiresistant pathogens due to low rates of resistance. While older tetracyclines (tetracycline, doxycycline) have significant resistance developed in more common pathogens, they retain good activity against atypical pathogens. As one of the oldest classes of antimicrobials, tetracyclines have demonstrated good activity against gram-positive, gram-negative, atypical, and spirochete bacteria. The indications for tetracycline antimicrobials are extremely broad. However, the routine clinical use of chloramphenicol has fallen out of favor in recent years because of side effects. The following classes and specific antimicrobials are generally bacteriostatic: tetracyclines, macrolides, clindamycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, linezolid, and chloramphenicol. Due to this effect, however, observational studies have shown that there is a lower incidence of toxic shock and more tolerable side effect profiles. Due to merely inhibiting further growth of bacteria, bacteriostatic antimicrobials require a functioning host immune system to fully clear overgrowth. ![]() ![]() Bacteriostatic antimicrobials, a term generally used to describe antimicrobials that function via inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis, have many indications in medicine according to their mechanisms of action. ![]()
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